ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR




Organizational behavior is a field of social science which studies how people interact in the workplace. To help increase efficiency at both the individual and organization level Organizational behavior examines personal and group behavior and mechanisms. In this sense, organizational behavior is an applied discipline and is closely related to sociology, psychology, statistics and ergonomics. Core topics include organizational structure and culture, organizational development, organizational change, communication and decision-making in the group.
Every organization has an underlying set of values, beliefs and goals, which are shared by its members and which drive its overall performance. There are four organizational models. The first is the autocratic model based on power and authority, which yields poorest outcomes. The employees in this model are dependent on the manager and only their basic needs are met. The second model is the custodial one, based on economic resources and money; the employees are dependent on the organization and their security needs are satisfied. The third model of organization is the supportive one, based on leadership and support; the employees feel involvement and participation. The fourth, collegial model, is based on partnership and teamwork; employer and employee jointly contribute to the organization. Most organizations combine the characteristics of more than one model and operate in wider and more complex framework, given the advance of technologies, the fast-changing business environment and the growing social and cultural diversity of modern organizations.

The group-level analysis in organizational behavior focuses on group dynamics, roles, norms, cultural diversity and leadership. In this level, the focus is on how different leadership styles (autocratic or democratic) influence the performance of the individual within the group and the group as a whole.

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